Period Before Or After Citation Apa

Spacing after punctuation marks is covered in section 6.1 of the apa publication manual, seventh edition. Parenthetical citations in apa style often appear at the end of sentences to indicate quoted or paraphrased information. Either (a) cite the source in parentheses after the quotation’s final punctuation or (b) cite the author and year in the narrative before the quotation and place only the page number in parentheses after the quotation’s final punctuation.

The parenthetical citation should come after the closing punctuation mark. 271) e.g., that terrible storm last night startled my cat and she hid under the bed for hours” (liu, 2015, p. Double space it and do not add a line space before or after the first line of multiple paragraphs within a block quote should be indented again the citation appears in parentheses after the quote, outside the punctuation mark.

This example of a book reference shows the pattern (the periods are highlighted to help you see them):

“punctuation keeps sense on the rails.” (truss, 2003) “punctuation keeps sense on the rails” (truss, 2003). In a parenthetical citation, you place the entire citation in parentheses directly after the quote and. The parenthetical citation should come after the closing punctuation mark.